Crucifixion is an ancient method of execution, where the victim was tied or nailed to a large wooden cross and left to hang there until dead. It is widely considered a not uncommon but extremely dishonorable and excruciating form of judicial execution in the Roman Empire, though similar methods were employed in other ancient cultures. Crucifixion has special significance in Christianity, which holds that Jesus was crucified but later resurrected. Because of this the Christian cross or crucifix has become a common symbol of Christianity. Cruxifixion was used by the Romans until about 313D, when Christianity became the dominant faith in Rome.
Jesus was crucified in Jerusalem around the year 30 AD. In his death, the Bible tells us, he bore all the sins of mankind, so that we could be clean and without sin in the eyes of God. His death is remembered on Good Friday but it is not the end of the story. 3 days later he appeared to his disciples, risen from the dead and we believe that he is alive today.
Jesus of Nazareth : The most well known victim of crucifixion in history, Jesus was condemned to crucifixion (cira 33 A.D.) by Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea, at the instigation of the Jewish leaders who were scandalized by his claim to being the Messiah and his disdain for their religious traditions.
The Cruxifixion with the virgin, St. John, St. Jerome and St. Mary Magdalene
The exact date of Jesus' death is also unclear. The Gospel of John depicts the crucifixion just before the Passover festival on Friday 14 Nisan, called the Quartodeciman, whereas the synoptic gospels(except for Mark 14:2) describe the Last Supper, immediately before Jesus' arrest, as the Passover meal on Friday 15 Nisan. Further, the Jews followed a lunisolar calendar with phases of the moon as dates, complicating calculations of any exact date in a solar calendar. According to John P. Meier's A Marginal Jew, allowing for the time of the procuratorship of Pontius Pilate and the dates of the Passover in those years, his death can be placed most probably on 7 April, 3 April or 30 March.
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