In psychology, motivation refers tothe initiation, intensity and persistence of behavior (Geen, 1995). Motivation is a temporal and dynamic state that should not be confused with personality or emotion. A motivated person can be reaching for a long-term goal such as becoming a professional writer or a more short-term goal like learning how to spell a particular word. Personality invariably refers to more or less permanent characteristics of an individual's state of being (e.g., shy, extrovert, conscientious). As opposed to motivation, emotion refers to temporal states that do not immediately link to behavior (e.g., anger, grief, happiness).
By the 1920s psychological research reflected the values of behaviourism, and intstinct therories of motivation were abandoned in favour of the construct of drive.
A drive is a motivational force that energizes goal-directed behaviour. The concept of force is more general than the specific seqence of behaviours involved in instinct. A drive is hypothesized to motivate not a single specific behaviour but an entire class of behaviours, all connected to the same basic need. Thus one's hunger drive could account for eating many different things in varied circumstances, as well as accounting for related non-eating behaviour, such as restlessness before mealtimes.
A need is a physiological requirement of an organism, for a resource, for example, or for balance among bodily processes. The experience of a need was hypothesized to be unpleasant. The drive produced by this need would act as a signal for behaviour to gratify the need. Thus drive theory explains behaviour in terms of a motivation for drive-reduction. An anilmal that needs food will experience the hunger drive, and this will motivate eating behaviour until the drive is reduced.
Destiny
By the 1920s psychological research reflected the values of behaviourism, and intstinct therories of motivation were abandoned in favour of the construct of drive.
A drive is a motivational force that energizes goal-directed behaviour. The concept of force is more general than the specific seqence of behaviours involved in instinct. A drive is hypothesized to motivate not a single specific behaviour but an entire class of behaviours, all connected to the same basic need. Thus one's hunger drive could account for eating many different things in varied circumstances, as well as accounting for related non-eating behaviour, such as restlessness before mealtimes.
A need is a physiological requirement of an organism, for a resource, for example, or for balance among bodily processes. The experience of a need was hypothesized to be unpleasant. The drive produced by this need would act as a signal for behaviour to gratify the need. Thus drive theory explains behaviour in terms of a motivation for drive-reduction. An anilmal that needs food will experience the hunger drive, and this will motivate eating behaviour until the drive is reduced.
Destiny
To a woman who complained about her destiny the Master said, "It is you who make your destiny."
"But surely I am not responsible for being born a woman?"
"Being born a woman isn't destiny.That is fate. Destiny is how you accept your womanhood and what you make of it."
by: Anthony de Mello, SJ, One Minute Wisdom
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